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Microbiology Exam 2: Poll Everywhere Review :)

question
Which of the following is used for SSSS, ETEC, STEC vaccines?
- Inactivated whole agent
- Live attenuated organism
- toxoid
- VLP
- acellular subunit vaccine (killed)
- recombinant subunit vaccine
- polysaccharide vaccine
- Conjugate
- Nucleic acid vaccine
- No vaccine available
answer
No vaccine available
question
Which of the following has a live attenuated vaccine?
- HPV
- Rabies
- Rhinovirus
- Norovirus
- Rotavirus
answer
Rotavirus
question
Which of the following has a TOXOID as a vaccine?
- Bordetella pertussis (it)
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae (it)
- S. aureus (it) SSSS
- Salmonella enterica (it) DUBLIN
- Shigella dysenteriae (it)
answer
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
question
What is missing in a Viral-like-particle?
- Capsids
- Spikes
- Genome
answer
Genome
question
A vaccine is an example of what kind of immunity?
- Artificial Active
- Natural Active
- Artificial Passive
- Natural Passive
answer
Artificial Active
question
Which of the following is bacteriostatic?
- Ampicillin
- Vancomycin
- Gentamycin
- Tetracycline
- Cephalosporins
answer
Tetracycline
question
Which class of antibiotics are bacteriocidal?
- Aminoglycosides
- Macrolides
- Tetracylines
- Lincosamides
- Chloramphenicol
answer
Aminoglycosides
question
What is the difference between Penicillin G and Penicillin V?
- Different beta-lactam ring
- Different R-side chain
- Different target enzyme
- Different method of action
- Can target Gram-negative organisms
answer
different R-side chain
question
Which of the following has a human only reservoir?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella enterica Typhi
question
Where does Glycopeptide antibiotics bind?
- Peptide interbridges
- Transglycosidases
- Transpeptidases
- Bactoprenol
- Peptide sidechain
- Autolysins
answer
Peptide sidechain
question
Which of the following has an A-B toxin as its primary virulence factor?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
V. cholera, ETEC, STEC, Shigella dysenteriae
question
Which of the following has an AB toxin that causes the secretion of water and electrolytes?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
V. cholera, ETEC
question
Which of the following repairs thymine dimer in DNA?
- Mismatch repair
- Base Excision Repair
- Nucleotide excision repair
- Photoreactivation
- Methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase
- SOS response
answer
Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, SOS response
question
Which of the following would involved in regulating the lac operon when there is NO glucose and lactose is present in media `E. coli is growing in?
- allolactose
- repressor protein
- cAMP
- CAP protein
- RNA Polymerase
answer
All of them betch
question
Which of the following organisms would be MOST resistant to the action of 70% ethanol?
- SARS-CoV-2
- Rabies
- Staphyococcus aureus MRSA
- Rhinovirus
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
answer
Rhinovirus
question
Which of the following MUST use 60S + 40S ribosomes for protein synthesis?
- Bordetella pertussis
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Giardia lamblia
- HPV
- Lambda phage
answer
Giardia lamblia, HPV
question
Which of the following is Halotolerant/Halophile?
- S. aureus SSSS
- Clostridium tetani
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Vibrio cholerae
answer
S. aureus SSSS, Vibrio cholerae
question
Who purified penicillin and used it to treat first human patient in 1941?
answer
Earnest Chain and Howard Florey
question
Is high or low therapeutic index good?
answer
High therapeutic index is good as it means it is less toxic to humans
question
Autoclaving Method Numbers
answer
15 mins, 15 psi, 121 degrees C
question
Most resistant to least resistant to disinfectants
answer
Prions > Bacterial spores > Protozoan cysts > Mycobacterium > Naked viruses > enveloped viruses and vegetative bacteria
question
What influences cell death rates?
answer
Size of initial population, bacterial load, and time it takes to kill it directly
question
What is IPV and OPV? Which one is better?
answer
IPV - inactivated injection polio virus. OPV - live attenuated oral. OPV is better
question
HRIG
answer
Artificial active (5 series of shots in your butt) Human Rabies Immunoglobulin
question
Which ones have low ID 50?
answer
Rhinovirus (1),
question
What targets cell wall and penicillin-binding proteins? What targets enzymes?
answer
Ampicillin. Transpeptidases.
question
MIC
answer
minimum inhibitory concentration for an antibiotic that prevents the bacteria from growing any more. (LIQUID)
question
MBC
answer
minimum bactericidal concentration that kills all the bacteria. (STREAK)
question
T or F: All virus types can enter cell via endocytosis and naked viruses can only leave via lysis
answer
True
question
Are retroviruses DNA or RNA genome?
answer
RNA
question
T or F: S.aureus main virulence factor circulates systematically
answer
True
question
T or F: In bacterial light repair, the DNA with thymine dimers is excised, then photolyase reverse the dimers and repaired sequence is reinserted
answer
False. DNA with thymine dimers DO NOT
question
T or F: Tetracycline is bacteriostatic and targets 50S subunit of the ribosome
answer
False. 30S subunit
question
Antibiotics that target 30S
answer
Tetracycline, Glycoglicine, Amino glycocides. (TAG)
question
10^5 D = 45. How long to get to 10^1?
answer
180 mins (5-1 = 4 x 45 mins = 180 mins)
question
Who discovered corn kernels? 😐
answer
Barbra Mclentock
question
Which antibiotic is most effective against gram negatice organisms?
answer
4th generation cephalosporins
question
Sex pili
answer
F+ / F-. The F+ is a donor - transfers F plasmid. Binds to F-. F- retracts pulling them together. Cuts nucleicide blah blah. Enters F- cell and this serves as a template basically DNA replication. F- goes on its merry way. 🙂 🙁
question
What polymerase does Norovirus need to recreate its genome?
answer
RNA polymerase
question
What would SARS-CoV-2 need to go from its genome to protein?
answer
Doesn't need polymerase
question
What is true regarding horizontal gene transfer?
answer
Competent bacteria have receptor that allows them to take up naked DNA
question
What is true regarding growth of bacteria?
answer
Both cAMP and allolactose are required to activate the operon
question
Antibiotics that are bactericidal
answer
Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides
Polymyxin
Monobactams
Vancomycin
Streptogramins
Metronidazole
question
What are examples of sterilant?
answer
Ionizing radiation, aldehydes, ethylene oxide
question
Antibiotics that inhibit topoisomerase
answer
Fluoroquinolones
question
Antibiotics that target NAM peptide side chains
answer
Vancomycin
question
Antibiotics that only work against aerobic organisms
answer
Aminoglycosides
1 of 47
question
Which of the following is used for SSSS, ETEC, STEC vaccines?
- Inactivated whole agent
- Live attenuated organism
- toxoid
- VLP
- acellular subunit vaccine (killed)
- recombinant subunit vaccine
- polysaccharide vaccine
- Conjugate
- Nucleic acid vaccine
- No vaccine available
answer
No vaccine available
question
Which of the following has a live attenuated vaccine?
- HPV
- Rabies
- Rhinovirus
- Norovirus
- Rotavirus
answer
Rotavirus
question
Which of the following has a TOXOID as a vaccine?
- Bordetella pertussis (it)
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae (it)
- S. aureus (it) SSSS
- Salmonella enterica (it) DUBLIN
- Shigella dysenteriae (it)
answer
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
question
What is missing in a Viral-like-particle?
- Capsids
- Spikes
- Genome
answer
Genome
question
A vaccine is an example of what kind of immunity?
- Artificial Active
- Natural Active
- Artificial Passive
- Natural Passive
answer
Artificial Active
question
Which of the following is bacteriostatic?
- Ampicillin
- Vancomycin
- Gentamycin
- Tetracycline
- Cephalosporins
answer
Tetracycline
question
Which class of antibiotics are bacteriocidal?
- Aminoglycosides
- Macrolides
- Tetracylines
- Lincosamides
- Chloramphenicol
answer
Aminoglycosides
question
What is the difference between Penicillin G and Penicillin V?
- Different beta-lactam ring
- Different R-side chain
- Different target enzyme
- Different method of action
- Can target Gram-negative organisms
answer
different R-side chain
question
Which of the following has a human only reservoir?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella enterica Typhi
question
Where does Glycopeptide antibiotics bind?
- Peptide interbridges
- Transglycosidases
- Transpeptidases
- Bactoprenol
- Peptide sidechain
- Autolysins
answer
Peptide sidechain
question
Which of the following has an A-B toxin as its primary virulence factor?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
V. cholera, ETEC, STEC, Shigella dysenteriae
question
Which of the following has an AB toxin that causes the secretion of water and electrolytes?
- V. cholera
- ETEC
- STEC
- Shigella sonnei
- Shigella dysenteriae
- Salmonella enterica Typhi
- Salmonella enterica Dublin
- Campylobacter jejuni
answer
V. cholera, ETEC
question
Which of the following repairs thymine dimer in DNA?
- Mismatch repair
- Base Excision Repair
- Nucleotide excision repair
- Photoreactivation
- Methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase
- SOS response
answer
Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, SOS response
question
Which of the following would involved in regulating the lac operon when there is NO glucose and lactose is present in media `E. coli is growing in?
- allolactose
- repressor protein
- cAMP
- CAP protein
- RNA Polymerase
answer
All of them betch
question
Which of the following organisms would be MOST resistant to the action of 70% ethanol?
- SARS-CoV-2
- Rabies
- Staphyococcus aureus MRSA
- Rhinovirus
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
answer
Rhinovirus
question
Which of the following MUST use 60S + 40S ribosomes for protein synthesis?
- Bordetella pertussis
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Giardia lamblia
- HPV
- Lambda phage
answer
Giardia lamblia, HPV
question
Which of the following is Halotolerant/Halophile?
- S. aureus SSSS
- Clostridium tetani
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Vibrio cholerae
answer
S. aureus SSSS, Vibrio cholerae
question
Who purified penicillin and used it to treat first human patient in 1941?
answer
Earnest Chain and Howard Florey
question
Is high or low therapeutic index good?
answer
High therapeutic index is good as it means it is less toxic to humans
question
Autoclaving Method Numbers
answer
15 mins, 15 psi, 121 degrees C
question
Most resistant to least resistant to disinfectants
answer
Prions > Bacterial spores > Protozoan cysts > Mycobacterium > Naked viruses > enveloped viruses and vegetative bacteria
question
What influences cell death rates?
answer
Size of initial population, bacterial load, and time it takes to kill it directly
question
What is IPV and OPV? Which one is better?
answer
IPV - inactivated injection polio virus. OPV - live attenuated oral. OPV is better
question
HRIG
answer
Artificial active (5 series of shots in your butt) Human Rabies Immunoglobulin
question
Which ones have low ID 50?
answer
Rhinovirus (1),
question
What targets cell wall and penicillin-binding proteins? What targets enzymes?
answer
Ampicillin. Transpeptidases.
question
MIC
answer
minimum inhibitory concentration for an antibiotic that prevents the bacteria from growing any more. (LIQUID)
question
MBC
answer
minimum bactericidal concentration that kills all the bacteria. (STREAK)
question
T or F: All virus types can enter cell via endocytosis and naked viruses can only leave via lysis
answer
True
question
Are retroviruses DNA or RNA genome?
answer
RNA
question
T or F: S.aureus main virulence factor circulates systematically
answer
True
question
T or F: In bacterial light repair, the DNA with thymine dimers is excised, then photolyase reverse the dimers and repaired sequence is reinserted
answer
False. DNA with thymine dimers DO NOT
question
T or F: Tetracycline is bacteriostatic and targets 50S subunit of the ribosome
answer
False. 30S subunit
question
Antibiotics that target 30S
answer
Tetracycline, Glycoglicine, Amino glycocides. (TAG)
question
10^5 D = 45. How long to get to 10^1?
answer
180 mins (5-1 = 4 x 45 mins = 180 mins)
question
Who discovered corn kernels? 😐
answer
Barbra Mclentock
question
Which antibiotic is most effective against gram negatice organisms?
answer
4th generation cephalosporins
question
Sex pili
answer
F+ / F-. The F+ is a donor - transfers F plasmid. Binds to F-. F- retracts pulling them together. Cuts nucleicide blah blah. Enters F- cell and this serves as a template basically DNA replication. F- goes on its merry way. 🙂 🙁
question
What polymerase does Norovirus need to recreate its genome?
answer
RNA polymerase
question
What would SARS-CoV-2 need to go from its genome to protein?
answer
Doesn't need polymerase
question
What is true regarding horizontal gene transfer?
answer
Competent bacteria have receptor that allows them to take up naked DNA
question
What is true regarding growth of bacteria?
answer
Both cAMP and allolactose are required to activate the operon
question
Antibiotics that are bactericidal
answer
Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides
Polymyxin
Monobactams
Vancomycin
Streptogramins
Metronidazole
question
What are examples of sterilant?
answer
Ionizing radiation, aldehydes, ethylene oxide
question
Antibiotics that inhibit topoisomerase
answer
Fluoroquinolones
question
Antibiotics that target NAM peptide side chains
answer
Vancomycin
question
Antibiotics that only work against aerobic organisms
answer
Aminoglycosides
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