Prelim 1 - Custom Scholars
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Prelim 1

question
utility function
answer
captures a person's preferences over different bundles of goods,and gives each bundle a value
question
cardinal utility
answer
The utility value is meaningful, a bundle that gives us U= 4 brings twice as much value/happiness as a bundle that gives us U= 2
question
ordinal utility
answer
Only the ordering of bundles matters
question
E|>1:
answer
Elastic
question
|E|= 1:
answer
Unit Elastic
question
|E|<1:
answer
Inelastic
question
own price elasticity of demand
answer
what is the percentage decrease in quantity demanded given a percentage increase in price
question
cross-price elasticity
answer
Given a percentage increase in the price of another product, what is the percentage change in the quantity demanded for my product?"
question
advertising elasticity
answer
an elasticity measuring the effect of an increase or decrease in advertising on a market
question
perfect complements
answer
When two goods are complements, they experience joint demand - the demand of one good is linked to the demand for another good.
question
perfect substitutes
answer
identical products
question
cobb-douglas
answer
a particular functional form of the production function, widely used to represent the technological relationship between the amounts of two or more inputs and the amount of output that can be produced by those inputs
question
relationship between quantity demanded and price
answer
(inverse) price increases, quantity demanded decreases
question
demand shifters
answer
prices of other goods
income
expectations
populations
consumer tastes and preferences
advertising/branding
question
complementary goods relationship with price
answer
(inverse) price increases, demand decreases
question
supplementary goods relationship with price
answer
(direct) price increases, demand increases
question
normal good relationship with income
answer
(direct) income increases, demand increases
question
inferior good relationship with income
answer
(inverse) income increases, demand decreases
question
supply shifters
answer
input prices
technology
number of firms
question
Perfect Substitutes Utility Function
answer
U(x,y) = ax + by
question
Perfect Complements Utility Function
answer
U(X,Y) = min{aX, bY}
question
Cobb-Douglas Utility Function
answer
u(X,Y) = X^aY^b
question
market rate of substitution
answer
the slope of the budget constraint
question
marginal rate of substitution
answer
the slope of the indifference curve
question
subsitution effect
answer
When the relative price of one good increases, we'll substitute toward the other good.
question
income effect
answer
When prices go up, our purchasing power decreases, so we become effectively poorer
question
Elasticity
answer
What will the percentage change in X be given a 1% change in Y
question
EQx,Py>0 (cross price elasticity)
answer
substitutes
question
EQx,Py<0
answer
complements
question
EQx,Py= 0
answer
No relationship
question
income elasticty of demand
answer
Given a percentage change in income, what is the percentage change in the quantity demanded for my product?
question
EQx,M>0 (income elasticity)
answer
normal good
question
EQx,M<0 (income elasticity)
answer
inferior good
question
Isoquant Curve
answer
a curve that shows all the combinations of two inputs, such as capital and labor, that will produce the same level of output
question
marginal rate of technical substitution
answer
slope of isoquant

-MPL/MPK
question
Diminishing Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution
answer
As we decrease the use of one input, we'll have to use increasing amounts of the other input.
question
isocost line
answer
shows the set of inputs that result in the same total cost.
1 of 37
question
utility function
answer
captures a person's preferences over different bundles of goods,and gives each bundle a value
question
cardinal utility
answer
The utility value is meaningful, a bundle that gives us U= 4 brings twice as much value/happiness as a bundle that gives us U= 2
question
ordinal utility
answer
Only the ordering of bundles matters
question
E|>1:
answer
Elastic
question
|E|= 1:
answer
Unit Elastic
question
|E|<1:
answer
Inelastic
question
own price elasticity of demand
answer
what is the percentage decrease in quantity demanded given a percentage increase in price
question
cross-price elasticity
answer
Given a percentage increase in the price of another product, what is the percentage change in the quantity demanded for my product?"
question
advertising elasticity
answer
an elasticity measuring the effect of an increase or decrease in advertising on a market
question
perfect complements
answer
When two goods are complements, they experience joint demand - the demand of one good is linked to the demand for another good.
question
perfect substitutes
answer
identical products
question
cobb-douglas
answer
a particular functional form of the production function, widely used to represent the technological relationship between the amounts of two or more inputs and the amount of output that can be produced by those inputs
question
relationship between quantity demanded and price
answer
(inverse) price increases, quantity demanded decreases
question
demand shifters
answer
prices of other goods
income
expectations
populations
consumer tastes and preferences
advertising/branding
question
complementary goods relationship with price
answer
(inverse) price increases, demand decreases
question
supplementary goods relationship with price
answer
(direct) price increases, demand increases
question
normal good relationship with income
answer
(direct) income increases, demand increases
question
inferior good relationship with income
answer
(inverse) income increases, demand decreases
question
supply shifters
answer
input prices
technology
number of firms
question
Perfect Substitutes Utility Function
answer
U(x,y) = ax + by
question
Perfect Complements Utility Function
answer
U(X,Y) = min{aX, bY}
question
Cobb-Douglas Utility Function
answer
u(X,Y) = X^aY^b
question
market rate of substitution
answer
the slope of the budget constraint
question
marginal rate of substitution
answer
the slope of the indifference curve
question
subsitution effect
answer
When the relative price of one good increases, we'll substitute toward the other good.
question
income effect
answer
When prices go up, our purchasing power decreases, so we become effectively poorer
question
Elasticity
answer
What will the percentage change in X be given a 1% change in Y
question
EQx,Py>0 (cross price elasticity)
answer
substitutes
question
EQx,Py<0
answer
complements
question
EQx,Py= 0
answer
No relationship
question
income elasticty of demand
answer
Given a percentage change in income, what is the percentage change in the quantity demanded for my product?
question
EQx,M>0 (income elasticity)
answer
normal good
question
EQx,M<0 (income elasticity)
answer
inferior good
question
Isoquant Curve
answer
a curve that shows all the combinations of two inputs, such as capital and labor, that will produce the same level of output
question
marginal rate of technical substitution
answer
slope of isoquant

-MPL/MPK
question
Diminishing Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution
answer
As we decrease the use of one input, we'll have to use increasing amounts of the other input.
question
isocost line
answer
shows the set of inputs that result in the same total cost.

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